Citation style - CHICAGO

When reference is made in the text, the reference is numbered. The numbering is placed in the superscript after the closing quotation mark in the case of in-text references and after the reference to the train of thought in the case of a train of thought.

In all cases, the source reference number must be indicated at the bottom of the page in the footnote, with the number given at the reference. The footnote must indicate the page(s) to which the reference is made, either in the text or in the text.

If a work is cited more than once, the detailed bibliographic information is sufficient in the first case, and the detailed source citation is not required for subsequent references, but the page number must be given in the case of a textual reference.

First use:

Rod Hague, Martin Harrop, Comparative Government and Politics : An Introduction (Basingstoke, New York : Palgrave Macmillan, 2010), 245.

For further use:

Hague, Harrop, Comparative Government and Politics : An Introduction, 350.

If a work has multiple authors, then

for footnotes with more than four authors, use 'et al.' after the first author's name.
however, the bibliography must include the name of each author up to 7 authors.

Footnote reference:

DOCUMENT TYPES

FORM

EXAMPLES

book

First use:

Name of Author, Title of Work, (Place of Publication: Publisher, Year), Page number.

For further use:

Author's surname, title of work, page number.

First use:

Rod Hague, Martin Harrop, Comparative Government and Politics : An Introduction (Basingstoke, New York : Palgrave Macmillan, 2010), 442.

For further use:

Hague, Harrop, Comparative Government and Politics : An Introduction, 442.

book chapter

or study

First use:

Author1's name and/or Author2's name, "Title of the book chapter/study." in Book title, ed. Editor's name, (place of publication: publisher, year), page number.

For further use:

Author1’s Last name and/or Author2’s Last name, "Title of work", page number.

First use:

Michael Walzer: "Citizenship" in Citizenship. Critical Concepts in Political Science Vol.1., ed. by Bellamy, Richard, Kennedy-Macfoy, Medeleine, (Routledge, 2014) 86-92.

For further use:

Walzer, "Citizenship", 86-92.

journal article

First use:

Author1's name and / and Author2's name. "Article title." Journal title Volume/volume number, no. / no. journal number /issue/number (year number) : page number.

For further use:

Author1’s Last name and/or Author2’s Last name, "Title of work", page number.

First use:

Samuel Huntington, "Democracy’s Third Wave." Journal of Democracy, 2, no.2, (1991) 12-34.

For further use:

Huntington, "Democracy’s Third Wave", 12.

electronic document

First use:

Author’s name. "Document title," Page name, Accessed / accessed Date,

URL address

For further use:

Author's last name, "Title of work."

First use:

Jeff Leek, "What is artificial intelligence? A three part definition." Simply Statistics. Accessed 15/01/2024.

https://simplystatistics.org/posts/2017-01-19-what-is-artificial-intelligence/

For further use:

Leek, "What is artificial intelligence?"

Bibliography:

DOCUMENT TYPES	FORM	EXAMPLES
book	Author Last name, First name. Title of work. Place of publication: publisher, year.	Hague, Rod, Harrop, Martin: Comparative Government and Politics : An Introduction. Basingstoke, New York : Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.
book chapter or study	Book Chapter / Study Author's Surname, First Name. "Title of the book chapter/study." In Book Title, ed. Editor’s Last Name First Name, Book Chapter / Study Page number from to. Place of publication: publisher, year.	Walzer, Michael. “Citizenship” In Citizenship. Critical Concepts in Political Science Vol.1., eds. Bellamy, Richard, Kennedy-Macfoy, Medeleine, 86-92. Routledge, 2014.
journal article	Author1’s Last Name, First Name and / and Author2’s Last Name, First Name. "Article title." Journal title Volume/volume number, no. / no. journal number/issue/number (date of publication) : Page number of the article from t to t. DOI number	Huntington, Samuel “Democracy’s Third Wave.” Journal of Democracy, 2, no.2. (1991): 12-34. DOI 10.1353/jod.1991.0016
electronic document	Author’s Last name, First name. "Document Title." Page Name, Accessed / accessed Date, URL address	Leek, Jeff, “What is artificial intelligence? A three part definition.” Simply Statistics, Accessed: 15 January 2024. . https://simplystatistics.org/posts/2017-01-19-what-is-artificial-intelligence/

More about reference style: https://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html