A long-standing research series explores nationhood from the perspective of everyday attitudes and national identity. The Western European development region was characterized more by political nation-building, while the Eastern European region was characterized more by cultural nation-building. The novelty of this series of studies is that the types of cultural-national and political-national development patterns known from the literature are placed in the context of the global processes of the 21st century. The empirical research compares cognitive, conative and affective aspects of nationhood across countries and regions, and searches for the cultural-political background of European nationalisms.

The research looks at the preparedness of EU countries to tackle one of the most important challenges facing the EU: migration. We address the question: is freedom to move around the world a human right? In the empirical part, we will use the results of research that takes into account the difficulties immigrant migrant populations face in integrating into mainstream society, their experiences of discrimination, and the majority society's antipathy towards immigrants and its positive and negative attitudes towards immigration. As data are available from the EU's Western, central, and Eastern countries, comparisons can be made here too. The correlation between migration and economic development is a common experience, and the contradiction is that the lower the immigration to a given country, the fewer the migrants, the more visible the migrant due to its rarity, the more the illusory correlation prevails, which creates and demonizes the image of the migrant with the powerful help of the media.